If you will find been just one immutable rule through American television history, it has been neighborhood information. Nearly from The instant the station first signed on air, they started carrying area news wherever sports often played An important function. A lack of reliable programming resources in these early many years led a lot of stations to show to sports to fill their broadcasting schedules. Big apple's WNBT television signed on to broadcast in July 1941, and its very first broadcast was a professional baseball game ("NBC Heritage", 2003). When building regional newscasts to fit their audience, these stations commonly bundled sports and weather conditions. For example, in 1961 WKMG commenced its initial total-time information department in Orlando. Newscasts contain Frank Vaught's athletics stories ("The record of," 2003).
Sports activities have held a dominant posture in local information broadcasting for several many years, but new field traits have named into problem this posture. Segmented audiences, modifying demographics, and declining news profitability have pressured the station to reexamine its nearby sports activities segment. “Sporting activities is one of the past parts of Television exactly where folks do items just how they normally have,” claims tv government Elliott Wiser. “(Right now) a completely new solution is necessary” (Deggans, 2000).
Dilemma for Neighborhood TV Information
미국인들에게 뉴스의 주요 제공자로서 텔레비전의 패권을 위협하는 몇 가지 요인이 결합되었습니다. Job for Excellence in Journalism(2002)에서 수행한 연구에 따르면 텔레비전 뉴스 방송이 시청자를 잃고 있습니다. 1998년에는 방송국의 two/three가 지역 뉴스 방송 시청률이 감소했다고 보고했습니다. 2002년까지 그 수치는 76%로 증가했습니다. 2001년 nine월 테러 이후에도 지역 뉴스 시청률은 7% 떨어졌다.
인터넷, 케이블 채널 및 가정용 위성과 같은 미디어 소스의 출현은 시청자에게 뉴스 대안을 제공했습니다. Radio and tv Information Director’s Association(“Switching channels”, 1996)의 연구에 따르면, “대중의 상당 부분이 정기적으로 다른 다양한 소스에 귀를 기울입니다.”
점점 더 많은 방송국이 대형 미디어 회사에 의해 통제됨에 따라 지역 텔레비전 뉴스도 수익 지향적이 되었습니다. 예를 들어, 2002년 첫 몇 주 동안 세 개의 방송국 그룹은 자회사 방송국에서 지역 뉴스를 완전히 제거하기로 결정했습니다(Trigoboff, 2002). Television set 뉴스 컨설턴트인 짐 윌리는 "대혁명이 일어날 것 같다"고 말했다. "같은 시장에서 동시에 4~five개의 뉴스 방송을 해야 합니까?" (Trigoboff, 2002).
Issue for Nearby TV Athletics
None of this is Great news to the local tv sports sector, which happens to be progressively under scrutiny from station execs. Inspite of its standard presence inside community newscasts, sports activities have long been regarded a "tuning" factor. As outlined by a survey by the Radio and tv News Administrators Basis, only 31% of viewers mentioned they were being 'really fascinated' in sports and 32% have been 'somewhat intrigued' ("Journalism and Ethics", 1998). This compares to seventy two% who expressed fascination from the weather. "Athletics are exceptionally polarizing." mentioned tv information expert Brent Magid. “The majority can acknowledge, go away, or despise” (Greppi, 2002).
Research have demonstrated that Gals are far significantly less keen on sports than Males (Gantz and Wenner, 1991; Perse, 1992), and plenty of stations have acted appropriately. In 2000, Tampa's WTSP dropped the Activity from its early night newscasts. According to station news director Jim Church, "Telling a story when no person is listening is not really a good use of air time" (Deggans, 2000).
Some stations have eliminated the sport, while others have diminished their allotted time. Depending upon the day from the week (weekends have much more sports activities time), sports segments have ordinarily been given concerning a few and 5 minutes of community news protection. Given that number is all the way down to about a moment. In 2002, Pittsburgh's KDKA Slash the 스포츠중계 time for sports by just three along with a fifty percent minutes for three several hours of stories. Other people while in the sector have carried out new ways, for example sports stories that aim extra on people today than scores or cater to the broader news viewers. "What we are attempting to do now is take care of sports activities as news," suggests KDKA news director Al Blinke. “We want to do a little something over and above sports” (Finder, 2002).
Dialogue
스포츠 부문에서 일어나고 있는 변화는 시간 할당보다 콘텐츠, 스타일 및 프레젠테이션과 더 관련이 있습니다. 아마도 시청자에게 모든 스포츠 네트워크와 대조되는 것을 제공하기 위한 노력의 일환으로, 지역 Tv set 스포츠는 지역 이야기, 운동 선수 및 이벤트에 더 초점을 맞추고 있으며 일반 스포츠 팬을 위해 보다 기능 지향적이고 시청자 친화적인 보도를 만들고 있습니다. 전형적인 반응은 Midwest의 뉴스 디렉터가 “우리는 스포츠가 비스포츠 팬들에게 흥미로웠으면 합니다. 여기서 스포츠는 뉴스이고 커뮤니티입니다. 많은 케이블 스포츠 채널이 제공하는 것과는 반대로 시청자에게 지역 정보를 제공하십시오. 우리만이 현지에 갈 수 있습니다. 그들은 할 수 없습니다.”
지역 텔레비전 스포츠의 미래에 대해 뉴스 감독들은 이 연구에 대해 지금과 가까운 미래의 두 가지 뚜렷한 시간 프레임을 제안하는 더 비관적이었고, 지역 텔레비전 스포츠는 안전해 보이지만 뉴스 감독들은 그것을 매우 짧은 기간에 묶었습니다. 한 뉴스 디렉터는 이렇게 말했습니다. 지금은 하기 싫지만 앞으로는 할 수 있을 것”이라고 말했다.
Implications
Improvements in neighborhood sports can be a reflection of your huge upheaval happening all through broadcast information. In the event the sports sector is no more Secure, How about other news things? CBS Group Information Vice chairman Joel Cheatwood (Trigoboff, 2002) explained, “[All of this] forces us to reexamine the [news] product.”
On a more rapid level, improvements inside the area sports activities sector specifically have an effect on thousands of aspiring sportscasters. Stations which might be reducing their commitment to sporting activities may also be lessening their sports activities workforce degrees, which impacts The work industry. A different information director mentioned, "[Athletics on newscasts] is dying." “We went from two comprehensive-time sportsmen to one total-time, just one in control of the information 3 times weekly, and it was a fight to stay there.”
Similarly significant, changes in the way in which athletics are introduced are forcing sporting activities broadcasters to learn new strategies. Not can sportscasters center on scoring. They have to make the presentation far more participating for normal lovers. This is often also important for journalism faculties across the country, which must document what stations want inside the sports activities sector and update their education curricula.
Will these alterations operate or persist? Athletics journalist Chuck Finder (2002) commented to the transform in KDKA, “Permit’s reserve closing judgment until eventually September, in the event the Steelers, college or university, and highschool soccer seasons commence in earnest. Then the station is going to be . There is certainly an error in clock management.”